WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Europe In The 19th Century: Conflict Of Monarchical And Nationalist Ideas VSAQs

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Europe In The 19th Century: Conflict Of Monarchical And Nationalist Ideas Answer In A Single Sentence Very Short Answer Questions

Question 1. Who was the President of the Vienna Congress (1815)?
Answer: The Chancellor of Austria Prince Klemens von Metternich was the President of the Vienna Congress. (1815)

Question 2. What is the meaning of the word nation in Latin?
Answer: In Latin, the word nation means a tribe or a race.

Read And Learn Also WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Very Short Answer Questions

Question 3. Which European nation did not take part in the Vienna Congress(1815)?
Answer: Turkey was the only European nation that did not take part in the Vienna Congress (1815).

Question 4. Who represented France at the Vienna Conference (1815 )?
Answer: Talleyrand represented France at the Vienna Conference (1815).

Question 5. When and where was the first international conference of the world to take place?
Answer: The first international conference of the world took place in Vienna in 1815.

Question 6. Who were the “Big Four “of the Vienna Congress?
Answer: The four countries that played an important role in bringing about the downfall of Napoleon were known as the “Big Four”.

Question 7. What were the three basic principles adopted at the Vienna Conference?
Answer: The three basic principles adopted at the Vienna Conference in 1815 were

1. The Principle of Legitimacy
2. The Principle of Compensation
3. The Principle Of Balance of Power.

Question 8. Who was made the monarch of France following the Principle of Legitimacy?
Answer: Following the Principle of Legitimacy, Louis XVIII, of the Bourbon dynasty was made the monarch of France.

Question 9. When was the Bourbon monarchy restored in France?
Answer: In 1815, the Bourbon monarchy was restored in France.

Question 10. What are the lofty ideals of the French Revolution?
Answer: The lofty ideals of the French Revolution were liberalism, nationalism, and democracy.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 11. Name the countries that formed the Concert of Europe.
Answer: Austria, Russia, Prussia, and England were the members of the Concert of Europe.

Question 12. Which period is regarded as the Age of Metternich?
Answer: The period between 1815 to 1848 is regarded as the Age of Metternich.

Question 13. Who was known as the “Prince of Diplomacy”?
Answer: Prince Klemens von Metternich, the ” Chancellor ” of Austria was known as the ” Prince Of Diplomacy”.

Question 14. To which dynasty did the French Emperor, Louis Philippe belong?
Answer: Louis Philippe, the French Emperor belonged to the Orleans Dynasty.

Question 15. When was Napoleon and his empire overthrown?
Answer: Napoleon and his empire were overthrown in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

Question 16. Name the first two Nation-States of Europe.
Answer: The first two nation-states of Europe were England and France.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 17. When was the Second Republic founded in France?
Answer: On 26th February 1848, the Second Republic was founded in France.

Question 18. Which year is called the “Year of Revolutions”?
Answer: The year 1848 is called the “Year of Revolutions.”

Question 19. Who founded the Second French Empire?
Answer: The Second French Empire was founded by Louis Napoleon or Napoleon III.

Question 20. How long did the’ July Monarchy ‘ last?
Answer: The “July Monarchy” lasted from 1830 to 1848.

Question 21. Which were countries influenced by the February Revolution?
Answer: Austria, Hungary, Italy, Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands were the countries influenced by the February Revolution.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 22. In which year did Louis Napoleon declare himself the “Emperor of France “?
Answer: In 1852, Louis Napoleon declared himself the “Emperor of France “.

Question 23. Between whom and when was the Treaty of Villafranca signed?
Answer: Austria and France signed the Treaty of Villafranca in 1859.

Question 24. Who declared the Carlsbad Decree in Germany and when?
Answer: Prince Metternich, the Chancellor of Austria declared the Carlsbad Decree in Germany in 1819.

Question 25. Who was Polignac?
Answer: Polignac was the Prime Minister of the French, ruler Charles X.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 26. Who was known as the Mazzini of Hungary?
Answer: Louis Kossuth who gave leadership to the people of Hungary on their demand for self¬rule was known as the Mazzini of Hungary.

Question 27. Who was Lamartine?
Answer: Lamartine was the President of the provisional republican government that was formed in France after the February Revolution of 1848.

Question 28. Why was the Troppau Protocol (1821) implemented?
Answer: The Troppau Protocol (1821) was implemented so that if at any place the revolutionary ideals or actions were revoked then the status quo policy would be immediately applied.

Question 29. Who founded Young Italy and when?
Answer: Young Italy was founded by Giuseppe Mazzini in 1831.

Question 30. Who followed the policy of ‘blood and iron ‘?
Answer: Otto von Bismarck of Germany followed the policy of ” blood and iron “.

Question 31. What was “Carbonari”?
Answer: Several secret societies were formed in Italy in the second and third decades of the 19th century and the foremost among them was “Carbonari”.

Question 32. Name a few thinkers who imbibed a feeling of pride and nationalism among the Italian citizens.
Answer: Leopardi, Troya, Cantu, and Capponi were some of the thinkers who imbibed a feeling of pride and nationalism among the Italian citizens.

Question 33. Who put an end to the Second Republic in France?
Answer: Louis Napoleon or Napoleon III put an end to the Second Republic in France.

Question 34. Who was Guizot?
Answer: Guizot was the Prime Minister of the French emperor Louis Philippe.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 35. In which year did Charles X ascend the throne of France?
Answer: Charles X, the French Monarch, belonging to the Bourbon dynasty ascended the throne of France in 1824.

Question 36. Who was declared the king of united Italy in 1861?
Answer: In 1861, the king of Piedmont, Victor Emmanuel II was made the King of united Italy.

Question 37. When and between whom was the Treaty of Plombieres signed?
Answer: The Treaty of Plombieres was signed between Count Cavour of Italy and Napoleon 3, the French Emperor, in 1858.

Question 38. Who were known as the Bonapartists?
Answer: The followers of Napoleon Bonaparte or the supporters of the political movement in France who tried to restore the empire of France under the house of the Bonaparte are called Bonapartists.

Question 39. What was the color of the dress worn by the members of Young Italy?
Answer: The members of Young Italy wore black colored dresses.

Question 40. Who was Duke of Berry?
Answer: The Duke of Berry was the third child of the French monarch Charles X and the nephew of Louis XVIII.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 41. Name the four allied powers who met at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle (1818 ).
Answer: The four allied powers who met at the Congress of Aix – Aix-Aix-Aix-Aix-Aix-la-Chapelle were Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia.

Question 42. Name the two French leaders of the July Revolution of 1830.
Answer: Adolphe Thiers and Lafayette were the two French leaders of the July Revolution of 1830.

Question 43. Name the country that came in the way of unity and democracy In Italy.
Answer: Austria came in the way of unity and democracy in Italy.

Question 44. When and with whom did the Battle of Sedan take place?
Answer: The Battle of Sedan took place between Prussia and France in 1870.

Question 45. When and with whom did the Battle of Sadowa take place?
Answer: In 1866, the Battle of Sadowa took place between Prussia and Austria.

Question 46. Who was requested to be the President of the Frankfurt Parliament?
Answer: Frederick William 5, the King of Prussia was requested to be the President of the Frankfurt Parliament.

Question 47. Who allowed Piedmont-Sardinia to adopt a liberal constitution?
Answer: Charles Albert allowed Piedmont-Sardinia to adopt a liberal constitution.

Question 48. Who allowed Denmark to draft a constitution?
Answer: King Frederick VII allowed Denmark to draft a constitution.

Question 49. Who gave the Poles the right to self-rule?
Answer: Czar Alexander I gave the Poles the right to self-rule.

Question 50. Who granted the right to self-rule to Norway?
Answer: Norway was granted the right to self-rule by the King of Sweden.

Question 51. What was the primary aim of the Principle of Legitimacy?
Answer: The primary aim of the Principle of Legitimacy was the restoration of the monarchical rights of those monarchs who ruled in the period before the French Revolution (1789).

Question 52. What was the primary aim of the Principle of Compensation?
Answer: The Principle of Compensation aimed to compensate the countries like Austria, Prussia, Sweden, Russia, and England who suffered great losses in the wars against Napoleon by allowing them to divide several territories among themselves.

Question 53. What was the primary aim of the Principle Of Balance of Power?
Answer: The primary aim of the Principle of Balance of Power was to maintain peace in Europe and to ensure that neither France nor any other power in Europe had the strength and courage to disturb this peace and equilibrium.

Question 54. Who infused the idea of Pan – Germanism?
Answer: The intellectual community comprising of the professors and students of the German universities, the poets and writers, the philosophers and historians infused the idea of Pan -Germanism.

Question 55. Which was the only state that became independent before the unification of Italy?
Answer: Piedmont-Sardinia was the only state that became independent before the unification of Italy.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 56. What were the followers of Garibaldi known as?
Answer: The followers of Garibaldi were known as Red Shirts.

Question 57. Who was the French ambassador whom Louis Napoleon sent to William I?
Answer: The French ambassador Count Benedetti was sent to William I by Louis Napoleon.

Question 58. Which nationalities resided in the Balkan region?
Answer: The Albanians, Bulgarians, Greeks, Romanians, and Serbs were some of the nationalities residing at the Balkan region.

Question 59. Name the treaty by which Turkey accepted the independence of Greece.
Answer: By the Treaty of London in 1832, Turkey accepted the independence of Greece.

Question 60. By which treaty Schleswig and Holstein were ceded to Prussia and Austria respectively?
Answer: By the Treaty of Gastein in 1865, Denmark was forced to cede Schleswig and Holstein to Prussia and Austria respectively.

Question 61. Name some of the writers who instilled nationalist feelings in the minds of the Germans.
Answer: Fichte, Stein, Hegel, Hausser, Lieste, Bohemer, and Dahlmann instilled nationalist feelings in the minds of the Germans.

Question 62. Between whom and when was the Treaty of San Stefano signed?
Answer: Russia and Turkey signed the Treaty of San Stefano in 1878.

Question 63. Who had called Turkey the “Sick man of Europe “?
Answer: Czar Nicholas I had called Turkey the ” Sick man of Europe “.

Question 64. Between whom and when was the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji signed?
Answer: The Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainarji was signed between the Russian and the Ottoman Empire in 1774.

Question 65. When did the Crimean War take place?
Answer: The Crimean War started in March 1854 and continued up to March 1856.

Question 66. Name the three leaders of Italy who were greatly instrumental in its unification.
Answer: Guiseppe Mazzini, Guiseppe Garibaldi, and Count Camillo Benso di Cavour were the three leaders who were instrumental in the Italian unification.

Question 67. Whom did Italy support in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870?
Answer: In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, Italy supported Prussia.

Question 68. What was Zollverein ?
Answer: Zollverein, a German customs union or tariff union was a coalition of German states that were responsible for managing the economic policies within their territories.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 69. What is the Eastern Question?
Answer: The strategic policies and the political ambitions of the great European powers given the weak political and economic condition of the Ottoman Empire of the 18th to 20th century is referred to as the ” Eastern Question “.

Question 70. Why did Great Britain and France declare war against Russia in March 1854?
Answer: Great Britain and France declared war against Russia in March 1854 on the latter’s refusal to follow the proposals made in the Vienna Note.

Question 71. Who was the first king of independent Greece?
Answer: Otto, a Bavarian prince became the first king of independent Greece in 1832. ( London Convention)

Question 72. Which religion was followed by the Sultans of Turkey?
Answer: The Sultans of Turkey were followers of Islam.

Question 73. Who signed the ” Edict of Emancipation?
Answer: Czar Alexander II signed the ” Edict of Emancipation “.

Question 74. Name the Russian author who wrote about the deplorable condition of the serfs in his country.
Answer: Nikolai Gogol wrote about the deplorable condition of the serfs in his country.

Question 75. In which year was the unified German empire established?
Answer: The unified German empire was established in 1871.

Question 76. Who became the ” Kaiser” of unified Germany?
Answer: William I, the Prussian ruler became the ” Kaiser ” of unified Germany.

Question 77. Who first took the initiative of forming the Concert of Europe?
Answer: Czar Alexander I first took the initiative of forming the Concert of Europe.

WBBSE Class 9 Fundamentals Of History Chapter 3 Question 78. When did Rome come under Italian occupation?
Answer: Rome came under Italian occupation in 870.

Question 79. Who started the Young Turk Movement?
Answer: Anwar Pasha, Kamal Pasha, and Talat Beg started the Young Turk Movement.

Question 80. Who was Alexander Ypsilanti?
Answer: Alexander Ypsilantis, a Greek nationalist politician of the Phanariot family was one of the leaders of the Greek secret society named Philike Hetairia.