WBBSE Chapter 18 Transformation Of Sentences
কোনো sentence-এর অর্থ সম্পূর্ণ বজায় রেখে তার রূপ Simple Sentence থেকে Complex Sentence- কীভাবে পরিবর্তন করা যায় তা তোমরা পূর্ববর্তী Chapter-এ দেখেছ। অন্যান্য আরও কিছু ক্ষেত্রে কীরূপভাবে এইরূপ Sentence-এর পরিবর্তন করা যায় তা দেখো।
Interchange of Affirmative and Negative Sentences. হ্যাঁ-জ্ঞাপক Sentence হতে না জ্ঞাপক Sentence
ইংরাজিতে বিভিন্নভাবে এই পরিবর্তন করা যায়। যথা ঃ
Read And Learn More WBBSE Class 8 English Functional Grammar
1. ‘No, ‘not’, ‘never? ইত্যাদি না জ্ঞাপক শব্দের পরে negative prefix অথবা বিপরীতার্থক শব্দ (antonym) বসিয়ে ঃ
- Affirmative (হ্যাঁ-জ্ঞাপক)
- He is a bad boy
- This answer is right.
- This information is true.
- He always minds his lessons.
- This is possible.
- Everybody will admit it.
- He is competent for the post.
- Negative (না-জ্ঞাপক)
- He is not a good boy.
- This answer is not wrong.
- This information is not false.
- He never neglects his lessons.
- This is not impossible.
- Nobody will deny it.
- He is not incompetent for the post.
2. Double Negatives
- Affirmative
- I know him.
- I am hopeful
- He saw you.
- We finished everything.
- Negative
- It is not that I do not know him.
- I am not without hope.
- He did not fail to see you.
- We left nothing unfinished.
3. Too ব্যবহার করে অথবা তা বাদ দিয়ে :
- Affirmative
- He is too weak to carry the bag.
- He is so good that he would help others.
- Negative
- He is so weak that he cannot carry the bag.
- He is too good not to help others.
4. Nore, but প্রভৃতি word ব্যবহার করে :
- Affirmative
- Only students are allowed to enter the hall.
- You are the only person fit for the post.
- You must attend the meeting.
- This is all I want.
- Negative
- None but the students are allowed to enter the hall.
- No other person but you is fit for the post.
- You cannot but attend the meeting.
- I want nothing but this.
5. বিবিধ উপারে
- Affirmative
- Every rose has a thorn.
- It is often difficult to speak the truth.
- I like only sweets.
- All must be present in the class.
- Negative
- There is no rose without a thorn.
- It is not always easy to speak the truth.
- I like nothing but sweets.
- No one can be absent from the class.
Interchange of Assertive and Exclamatory Sentences সাধারণ বাক্য এবং বিস্ময়সূচক বাক্যের পরিবর্তন
- Exclamatory
- How fast he runs!
- Alas! what bad news.
- What a charming scenery!
- Hurrah! my friend is coming.
- Assertive
- He runs very fast.
- It is very bad news.
- The scenery is very charming.
- I rejoice that my friend is coming.
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Interchange of Interrogative and Assertive Sentences প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্য এবং সাধারণ বাক্যের পরিবর্তন
কোনো-কোনো ক্ষেত্রে প্রশ্ন এমনভাবে করা হয় যে তার উত্তর কী হবে সহজেই অনুমান করা যায়। এইসব ক্ষেত্রে হ্যাঁ-জ্ঞাপক (affirmative) প্রশ্নের না জ্ঞাপক (Negative) উত্তর এবং না-জ্ঞাপক (negative) প্রশ্নের হ্যাঁ-জ্ঞাপক (affirmative) উত্তরই স্বাভাবিকভাবে বোঝায়।
- Interrogative
- Is he not a great fool?
- Who does not know him?
- Can I ever forget you?
- Can their glory ever fade?
- What is the use of this statue?
- Who has not heard of Netaji?
- Is that the way you should behave?
- Assertive
- He is a great fool.
- Everybody knows him.
- I can never forget you.
- Their glory can never fade.
- There is no use of this statue.
- Everybody has heard of Netaji.
- That is not the way you should behave.
Interchange of Degree of Comparison
Positive: Amal is not so tall as Bimal.
Comparative: Bimal is taller than Amal.
Positive: He is ferocious as a tiger.
Comparative: A tiger is not more ferocious than he.
Positive: He is the best boy in the class.
Comparative: He is better than any other boy (or, all other boys) in the class.
Positive: No other boy in the class is so good as he is.
Comparative: Iron is the most useful of all metals.
Positive: Iron is more useful than any other metal (or, all other metals).
Comparative: No other metal is so useful as Iron.