Writing Skill Paragraph Writing
If you look at any printed book of English prose selection, you will see that the selected pieces have several sections. Each of these sections is a paragraph.
Actually, a paragraph is a group of sentences all relating to the same topic or subject.
Note that-
Each paragraph must deal with only one topic or idea having some unity.
The controlling idea is usually given in the opening section of the paragraph.
The sentence which contains the idea is called the topic sentence or the key sentence.
Read And Learn Also WBBSE Class 9 English Writing Skill
The other sentences merely develop this topic in an orderly and logical way so that the entire paragraph reads as a connected whole.
The first line of every paragraph is indented, i.e., begins a little to the right in comparison with other lines.
The summary of a passage is a reproduction of the main idea or ideas of the original in a brief and intelligible form without in any way changing its meaning.
Paragraph writing may involve exercises in various forms. These are:
- Summarising Information, Facts.
- Transfer Of Information From Tables, Charts, Diagrams, Pictures, Etc.
- Description Of Places, Persons, Objects.
A few such examples are worked out below. Follow them carefully and these will help you to learn the art of transferring the information into a paragraph or summary.
Writing Skill Paragraph Writing Examples Worked Out
Question 1. Write paragraphs on the following topics based on points given against each:
Rabindranath Tagore
- Name: Rabindranath Tagore
- Date of birth: 1861
- Place of birth: Jorasanko, Kolkata
- Father’s name: Maharshi Debendranath Tagore
- Family background: Very rich, cultured, zamindar family
- Early visit abroad: Went to England several times in childhood
- First opera : Bhanu Singher Padabali
- Started composing: From early childhood
- Nobel Prize: On Geetanjali in 1913
- His greatest creation: Santiniketan
- Name of his wife: Mrinalini Devi
- Works: Novels, short stories, dramas, poems, composing music
- Other fields of activity: A great supporter of the nationalist movement, international brotherhood, and equality among mankind
- Death: 1941
Answer: Rabindranath Tagore, one of the greatest sons of India, was born in a very rich, cultured, and zamindar family at Jorasanko, Calcutta, in 1861.
His father’s name was Maharshi Devendranath Tagore. He went to England several times in his early childhood.
He showed great promise as a writer and composer² from his early childhood. His first opera Bhanu Singher Padabali created a sensation.
He was married to Mrinalini Devi. Rabindranath wrote a large number of dramas, novels, short stories, poems, etc.
His most brilliant work was Geetanjali for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1913.
However, his greatest creation was Santiniketan. He was not only a great writer and composer but also a strong supporter of the nationalist movement.
He also worked for the international brotherhood” and advocated equality among mankind. He died at the age of 80 in 1941.
- ভবিষ্যত উৎকর্যের অনুকূল পূর্বলক্ষণ
- সুরকার
- ভ্রাতৃত্ব
- সমর্থন করেছিলেন
Question 2. Sir J.C. Bose
- Name: Sir J. C. Bose
- Year of birth: 1858
- Place of birth: Mymensingh, now in Bangladesh
- Education: Village Pathsala, St. Xavier’s School, B. A. from St Xavier’s College, B. Sc. from Cambridge University
- Service career: Professor, Presidency College, carried out research on Electro- magnet and plant life (1884-1915)
- Post-retirement work: Founded Bose Institute (1917)
- Death: 1937
Answer: Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose was born in the year 1858 in Mymensingh, now in Bangladesh.
After receiving primary education in the village Pathsala he came to Calcutta and took admission at St. Xavier’s School.
He completed his graduation from St. Xavier’s College. Then he went to England and took his B. Sc. degree from Cambridge University.
On his return to India, he joined Presidency College, Calcutta, as a Professor.
He did extensive research work on Electro-magnet and plant life during his service career from 1884 to 1915.
After retirement, he founded Bose Institute in Calcutta in 1917.
This became a great center for scientific research in India. As a scientist, Sir J. C. Bose is ranked as one of the greatest in the world. This great scientist died in 1937.
Question 3. Kshudiram Bose (M. P. 1992)
Points: Birth in Midnapore in 1889-a spirited boy association with a revolutionary party from school life left for Muzaffarpur with Prafulla Chaki on a mission to kill Kingsford, a tyrant magistrate Kingsford unhurt-Kshudiram arrested and sentenced to death-faced death with Vande Mataram in his lips.
Answer: Kshudiram Basu, the great patriot’ and freedom fighter², was born in 1889 in Midnapore.
He was a highly spirited boy from his early childhood. He became associated with a revolutionary party from his school days.
Kingsford, an Englishman who was notorious for his tyranny5, was the magistrate of Muzaffarpur at that time.
To put an end to this tyranny, Kshudiram and Prafulla Chaki left for Mujaffarpur on a mission to kill Kingsford.
Unfortunately, the plan misfired and Kingsford escaped unhurt. Kshudiram tried to escape but was soon arrested, tried, and sentenced to death.
But Kshudiram was a true patriot and a fearless freedom fighter. Undaunted, he faced the situation boldly and calmly.
He went to the gallows in high spirits and embraced death singing Vande Mataram.
- দেশপ্রেমী
- মুক্তিযোদ্ধা
- বিপ্লবী
- কুখ্যাত
- অত্যাচার
Question 4. Sir P.C. Roy
- Name: Sir P. C. Roy
- Date of birth: 2. 8. 1861
- Native village: Raruli, Katipara in Khulna
- Primary education: Native village
- Entrance examination: 1878
- Got Gilchrist Scholarship: 1882, B. Sc. and D. Sc. from Edinburg University
- Professor at Presidency College: 1889
- Established Bengal Chemicals Ltd: 1900
- Palit Professor at Calcutta University: 1916
- Retired: 1936
- Death: 16.6.1944
His achievement: a group of young scientists
Answer: Sir P. C. Roy, the great scientist, was born on 2nd August, 1861 in a small village Raruli at Katipara in Khulna, now in Bangladesh.
He had his primary education at his native village and passed the Entrance Examination in 1878. He was a brilliant student all through.
After passing B. Sc. examination in 1882, he got the Gilchrist Scholarship and received D. Sc. from Edinburgh University.
Returning home he joined Presidency College in 1889 as a Professor.
In 1900 he founded Bengal Chemicals Ltd. Later in 1916 he became the Palit Professor at Calcutta University, a rare1 honor indeed.
He retired in the year 1936 and died on 16th June 1944.
One of his greatest achievements? was that he tutored a group of young students who later on became very famous as great scientists:
- বিরল
- মহৎ কর্ম
Question 5. Subhash Chandra Bose
- Name: Subhash Ch. Bose
- Date of birth: 23rd Jan. 1897
- Place of birth: Cuttack, Orissa
- Education: Brilliant student
- Service: Passed I. C. S. Examination, did not join Govt. Service.
- Political activities: Became Mayor of Calcutta Corporation, Congress President, fought for independence, suffered imprisonment, left India in disguise, formed I. N. A. fought battles.
- Death: In an air crash
Answer: Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23rd January 1897 in Cuttack.
He came from a very rich family and was a brilliant student. Though he passed the Indian Civil Service (I. C. S.) examination, he refused to accept service under the British government.
Soon he joined politics and became the Mayor of Calcutta Corporation.
He also became the youngest Congress President. India was then ruled by the British Government.
Subhash Chandra wanted India to be an independent1 country and made several plans to achieve this goal.
So he was imprisoned by the British Government. But he left the country in disguise and formed the I. N. A.
(Indian National Army) to liberate India from the clutches of the British rulers.
He fought great battles to achieve his mission. It is said that he died in an air crash.
But people have doubts about it. Subhas Chandra is remembered as a great Indian patriot
- স্বাধীন
- লক্ষ্য
- দেশপ্রেমী
Question 6. Satyajit Roy
Points: Date of birth – 2nd May 1921; Birthplace – Kolkata; Education – Ballyganj Govt. School, Presidency College; Art training from Santiniketan (Nandalal Bose and others); Career – Professional artist at Signet Press; First film – Pather Panchali, then Apu triology, Jalsaghar, Goopy Gayen Bagha Bayen and so many others; Other contribution -To Bengali literature-famous adventure stories for children; Honours – Bharat Ratna, Legion of Honour from France and Oscar from the U.S.A.
Answer: Satyajit Roy, the great Indian filmmaker and writer was born in Kolkata on 2nd May 1921.
He had his education at Ballyganj Government School and later at Presidency College.
Subsequently, he received training in arts from Santiniketan under Nandalal Bose and others.
He started his career as a professional artist at Signet Press. Later on, he took to filmmaking.
His first film Pather Panchali made him world famous overnight.
His films Apu Trilogy, Jalsaghar, Goopy Gayen Bagha Bayen, and many others earned him a great name as a brilliant filmmaker.
He also wrote many books on adventure stories for children which made him immensely popular.
For his outstanding achievements in filmmaking, he was honored with awards like Bharat Ratna, Legion of Honour from France, and Oscar from the U.S.A.
Question 7. Sarvapally Radhakrishnan (M. P. 2002)
- Date of birth: 5th September 1888
- Birthplace: Tamilnadu
- Education: Presidency College, Chennai
- Service: Professor of Philosophy at Presidency College, Chennai, Calcutta, and Oxford University. Ambassador to the USSR in 1949. Vice-President of India 1952-1962. President of India 1962-67.
- Honors: ‘Bharat Ratna’ award, 1954. Birthday is observed as Teachers Day.
Answer: Sarvapally Radhakrishnan, the great philosopher, was born in Tamilnadu on 5th September 1888.
He had his education at Presidency College, Chennai. Later he became a professor of philosophy at Presideny College, Chennai, and Calcutta.
He also went to Oxford University and taught there for a long time. In 1949 he went to the USSR as Indian Ambassador.
In 1952 he returned to India and became Vice President, a post he occupied till 1962. From 1962 to 1967 he was the President of India. He was awarded Bharat Ratna in 1954.
As a mark of respect to the great teacher, his birthday is observed as Teachers Day in India.
Question 8. Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar
- Points: Year of birth: 1820
- Place of birth: Birmingham, Midnapur
- Father: Thakurdas Bandopadhyay
- Mother: Bhagabati Devi
- Education: At village Pathsala, later at Sanskrit College, Calcutta
- Career: Teacher and the Principal of Sanskrit College;
- Title: Vidyasagar
- Writer: Wrote many books Barnaparichay, Bodhodoy, Kathamala, Sitar Banabas, etc. Nature Kind hearted, simple, love and respect for mother, sympathy for the poor
- Social work: Started widow re-marriage, stopped child marriage
- Death: 1891.
Answer: Pandit Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar was born in 1820 at Birsingha in the district of Midnapur.
His father was Thakurdas Bandopadhyay and mother was Bhagabati Devi.
He had his early education at his village pathshala. Later he studied at Sanskrit College, Calcutta.
Subsequently, he taught at Sanskrit College and finally became its Principal.
He had a great love for learning and worked hard to spread education amongst the people.
He wrote books like Barnaparichaya, Bodhodoy, Kathamala, Sitar Banabas and many others.
He gathered vast knowledge and became famous for that. For this he was called Vidyasagar- the ocean of learning.
Vidyasagar was also noted for his sympathy and kindness for the poor and did a lot for them.
He also had great love and respect for his mother. Vidyasagar was also a great social reformer1 and fought for removing social evils.
He stopped child marriage and introduced widow re-marriage. This great man died in 1891 at the age of 71.
- সংস্কারক
- অনিষ্ট
Question 9. Mother Teresa
Points Birth-Albania, 26th August 1910; Education-Govt. School in Albania- came to Calcutta in 1929-St. Mary’s Convent School-teacher (1929-1948)-missionary work-Missionaries of Charity; founded ‘Nirmal Hriday’-branches all over the world-social work, schools, charitable hospitals-modest, simple life-Nobel Prize in 1979-Bharat Ratna, 1980-death 5th September 1997.
Answer: Mother Teresa was born on 26th August 1910 in Albania in Yugoslavia.
She had her education at a government school in Albania. At the age of 19, she came to Calcutta and joined St. Mary’s Convent School as a teacher.
She served in this school from 1929- 1948. Suffering of the poor people around her moved her so much that she dedicated1 the rest of her life to a missionary fighting poverty, hunger, and disease.
She set up her organisation Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta and founded for the destitutes2 a home named Nirmal Hriday.
Many branches of the “Missionaries of Charity” were opened all over the world.
Schools and charitable hospitals were set up to serve the poorest of the poor.
She lived a simple life, and her great philanthropic works drew the attention of the whole world.
She was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1979 and was also decorated with the Bharat Ratna award in 1980. Mother Teresa died in Calcutta on 5th September 1997.
- উৎসর্গ করেছিলেন
- নিঃস্ব
- জনহিতকারি
Question 10. Amartya Sen
- Name: Amartya Sen
- Born: 3rd November 1933, Santiniketan
- Father: Dr. Ashutosh Sen – Agricultural scientist
- Mother: Smt. Amita Sen – Daughter of Pt. Kshitimohan Sen
- Education: Santiniketan B. A., Presidency College – B. A., Doctorate, Trinity College, Cambridge
- Service: Taught at Jadavpur University – Delhi School of Economics – London School of Economics – Oxford University – Harvard University-Master of Trinity College, Cambridge returned to Harvard, Jan. 2004
- Worked: Welfare economics – poverty – famine – inequalities Awards & Prizes Nobel Prize for Economics-1998; Bharat Ratna-1999; Adam Smith Prize- Wrenbury Scholarship-Stevenson Prize, etc.-Fifth Nobel winner from Bengal-First Asian to win Nobel in Economics.
Answer: Amartya Sen was born at Santiniketan on 3 Nov. 1933. His father Dr. Ashutosh Sen was an agricultural scientist and his mother Amita Devi, the daughter of Pandit Kshitimohan Sen, was a housewife.
After having his initial1 education at Santiniketan, Amartya Sen received his B.A. from Presideny College, Calcutta.
He then joined Trinity College, Cambridge where he earned his B. A. and doctorate degrees. He was a brilliant student all through.
He began his teaching career at Jadavpur University. Later, he taught at the Delhi School of Economics, London School of Economics, Oxford University, and Harvard University.
He was also the Master of Trinity College in Cambridge which he left in Jan.
2004 to return to Harvard where he currently teaches. Prof. Sen is best known for his pioneering² work on famine3 and underlying causes of poverty and hunger.
He established that famine occurs not for lack of food but for inequalities built into mechanisms for distributing food.
For his contributions to welfare economics, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1998.
He also received amongst others the Adam Smith Prize, Wrenbury Scholarship and Stevenson Prize.
The government of India decorated him with the highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna in 1999.
Amartya Sen is the fifth Nobel winner from Bengal the others being Sir Ronald Ross (1902) for his discovery of Malaria parasites, Rabindra Nath Tagore (Literature, 1913), Sir C. V. Raman (Physics, 1930), and Mother Teresa (Peace, 1979).
He is also the first Asian to win Economics Nobel. Amartya Sen has made us all proud.
- প্রারম্ভিক
- পথ প্রদর্শক হিসেবে গণ্য হয় এমন
- দুর্ভিক্ষ
- অসাম্য
Question 11. Your Home
Points: Sweet home members of the family relationship with you the locality you live in your neighbors – your role in the family – conclusion.
Answer: Home is the sweetest place on earth. I am very proud of my home.
At home, I have my parents, one brother, and two sisters. We all love one another.
Father is the head of the family and he looks after the welfare1 of the whole family. The mother manages the household work.
She takes care of our food, clothes, health, etc. My two little sisters are very dear to me. They read at the local girls’ school.
Brother Apu is a class VII student of Hindu School. The residents of the locality we live in are mostly middle-class or upper-middle-class people.
Amongst our next-door neighbours², there are a professor, a retired engineer, and a doctor.
A good neighborly feeling exists amongst all of us. In the family, I always try to give a helping hand to my parents.
We are not rich but there is peace in our family. That is why I love my home so much.
- মঙ্গল
- প্রতিবেশী
Question 12. Your School
Points: Name of the school-location-surroundings-school building- number of classrooms, students and teachers library sports and games good academic record open field facilities
Answer: My school National High School is a famous school in the district of Bankura.
It is situated in a calm and quiet area of the town. The surroundings are also beautiful with sal and eucalyptus trees all around.
The school building is a pucca two-storeyed building with spacious lawns1 on all sides.
It has many rooms and a well-equipped laboratory for science classes. It has also a big library.
The student strength of the school is 500 and the number of teachers is 40.
The headmaster is an M. A., B.T. with a good academic career. He is comparatively young, full of idealism and real love for the profession.
He is a strict disciplinarian, but sweet-tempered and kind-hearted.
Most of the teachers are trained hands. They take great care of our studies.
Extracurricular activities like games and sports, physical exercise, debating, music, and drama are also arranged by the school.
The academic record of the school is also very good.
This year in the Madhyamik Examination, out of 60 students, 45 students passed in the first division and the rest in the second division. I am very proud of my school:
- ফাঁকা মাঠ
- নিয়মিত পাঠক্রম বহির্ভূত
Question 13. Hobbies
Points: Why do we pursue – kinds-pleasure- relaxation-use of leisure hours -benefits.
Answer: A hobby is something that we pursue for the sake of pleasure or amusement1 only, with no idea of making a profit out of it. There are many kinds of hobbies.
Gardening, photography, fishing, painting, and stamp collecting are some favorite hobbies.
Whatever the hobby, it has its value. The most important thing is that it gives zest² of life.
The work we do for a living or for gain is like a task imposed. We have to do it, whether we get any delight in it a not.
At times we feel bored. A hobby brings diversion3 and helps one to relax.
Hobbies are common to all great men or ordinary people. A person chooses his hobby according to his liking.
So it gives him real pleasure and amusement. Besides, the hobby prevents a man from missing or idling away his leisure hours.
Gardening is my hobby. I grow flowers in our garden and it gives me great pleasure.
The labor spent on it is nothing compared to the great pleasure I derive looking at the colorful blossoms.
- চিত্রবিনোদন
- উৎসাহ
- বৈচিত্র
Question 14. Your Hobby
Points: Gardening lawn in front of our house flower garden- -season flowers colors – smell – kitchen garden – grow vegetables – save money-needs labor – soil, water, manure worms, insects a great joy.
Answer: I have taken up a hobby – the hobby of gardening. We have a small lawn in front of our house, and I have laid out my flower garden there.
It has a variety of seasonal flowers, grown some for their colors and some for their sweet smell.
It has been said that a beautiful flower is the loveliest creation of God.
Really as I feast my eyes upon the beauties in my garden and inhale their sweetness, I almost forget myself altogether in sheer delight. I have also a kitchen garden at the back of the house. Here grow vegetables of common use.
This not only saves us money but also gives us fresh things. Of course, gardening requires a good deal of labor.
The soil has to be carefully prepared with water and manure², and a constant watch has to be kept against worms and insects. I do all these myself.
Still, the labor and trouble are nothing in comparison with the joy I find in the hobby.
- ঘ্রাণ নেওয়া
- সার
Question 15. Your Family
Points: Family member’s occupation and age.
Answer: Ours is a small family consisting of my parents, my sister, and myself.
My father’s name is Sri Pranab Sarkar (45). He works in a Govt. department as an engineer.
My mother Sm. Sabita Sarkar (40) is a school teacher. She teaches at a private school nearby.
I am the only son of my parents. My name is Partha Sarkar. I am 15 years old and I read in class X at Hindu School.
My only sister is Sumona who is 13 years old. She reads in class IX at the same school where my mother teaches.
We live at Salt Lake where father has just built a small house in Sector II.
We also have a special member in our family- our pet dog, Begam- a Doberman. It is 2 years old and is very fond of us.
Question 16. My Parents
Points: Your love and respect for your parents their love and affection for you their qualities you admire what you propose to do when you grow up.
Answer: I am Ranjan Roy. My father’s name is Bankim Roy and my mother is Bivabati Roy.
I am their only child. I am very dear to them. They are very careful about my education and advise me properly in my studies.
They are always careful about my health and safety also. Their love and affection for me know no bounds.
But they are also very strict in granting any undue demands1 from me.
I admire these qualities and feel to be fortunate to have such parents.
They are constant sources of inspiration and guidance to me. When I grow up, it will be my duty to act like a worthy2 son and keep them happy.
- অন্যায় আব্দার
- যোগ্য
Question 17. My Village
Point: Location, name other details population type of people occupation school, college, post office, police outpost life in the village panchayet – peaceful.
Answer: I live in Kusumpur, a small village in Burdwan district.
The population of the village is around one thousand. Most of them are farmers1, few are small traders. Our village has one primary school, a sub-post office, and a primary health center.
Besides, there are a police outpost and a block office which serve greatly the needs of the villagers. The village has a few kutcha roads, tanks, and playgrounds.
In our village, we all lead a happy social life with occasional pujas, Patras, and melas. The gram panchayat looks after our welfare.
The villagers, though faced with many disadvantages, are on the whole happy and contented024.
The inhabitants are all simple and decent. They are united by mutual love and fellow feeling and stand by one another in times of need.
Our village life is very peaceful and it is free from the din and bustle of city life.
- জমি চাষি
- পরিতৃপ্ত
- হৈচৈ শব্দ
Question 18. My Best Friend
Points: Name good sportsman very intelligent not proud – kind hearted – very helpful comes to my place – manners.
Answer: I have many friends, but my best friend is Ratan. He is the best boy in our class.
Although he is intelligent and a very good student, he is not at all proud.
Besides, he is very kind-hearted also. If anyone falls ill, Ratan is the first to pay him a visit. If anybody is sad, he is sad too.
In fact, he comes forward to help anybody at any time. Ratan is also a very good sportsman.
He plays football and cricket in our school team and has bagged1 many prizes.
His manners and behavior attract everybody. All these qualities have made him so different from others.
He is very dear to me and we are very intimate with each other.
We share our thoughts and feelings. He comes to my place almost every day in the afternoon and we go out together. I like him very much.
- জয়লাভ করা
- অন্তরঙ্গ
Question 19. Your Neighbours and Locality
Points: Location – calm and quiet roads playgrounds and parks – bazaar, post office, etc. middle-class locality-amity-happy community life.
Answer: I live at Rabindra Palli, a fully residential area in south Calcutta near the Tollygunj tram depot.
This is a very calm and quiet area and is about ten minute’s walk from the main road.
The roads are wide and clean. They are well connected to a few bus routes.
A big playground and two parks add beauty to the locality. Children and boys play there in the afternoon.
There is also a bazaar, a post office, a milk booth, and two banks in the area which come to our great help.
The residents are mostly middle-class people comprising traders, professors, lawyers, and doctors.
They live here in an atmosphere of amity1 and neighborly feeling.
Life is very happy and peaceful here. Cultural activities like Durga Puja, Saraswati Puja, and musical programs add color to community life.
I have a large number of friends here. A residents’ association looks after the welfare of the people. I find Rabindra Palli a very nice place to live in.
- বন্ধুত্ব
- সামাজিক জীবন
Question 20. A Village Fair
Points: Fair buzzing with activity shops selling all kinds of things and the amusement and refreshment food fair is a pleasant diversion.
Answer: A fair is held every year in a big field close to our village.
This year I went there with some of my friends. The whole place was buzzing with life and activities1.
Streams of people from the neighboring areas thronged to it.
There were hundreds of shops selling all kinds of things clothes, stationery, groceries, toys, sweets, and vegetables. Children crowded in front of shops and bought balloons, toys, and candy.
Older people bought articles of necessity. There were arrangements for amusements and refreshments too.
The merry-go-round was the biggest attraction of all. A ride was a must for the children.
Then there was the circus. A large number of shops sold various kinds of foodstuff2 and cold drinks.
When men and children were tired and hungry, they flocked to these shops.
The fair was a pleasant diversion from the dull and monotonous lives of the villagers.
- ব্যস্ততা
- খাদ্যদ্রব্য ও জড়ো হয়েছিল
- বিনোদন
- একঘেয়ে
Question 21. The Annual Prize Giving Ceremony
Points: Date of the ceremony place where held Headmaster’s report description of the function, President, chief guest, etc.
Answer: The annual prize-giving ceremony of our school was held yesterday in the open ground in front of our school building.
A big pandal was erected in the ground. The gate was decorated with leaves and flowers.
Sri P. K. Roy, the District Magistrate, presided over the function and Sri S. N. Basu, the Principal of the local college, was the chief guest.
The function was attended by a large gathering. The ceremony started with a Rabindrasangeet sung by the students of the school.
Then began the recitation. I recited a Bengali poem ‘Nirjharer Swapnabhanga’.
We also staged a one-act-drama which was highly enjoyed by all.
The Headmaster then read out his report, which showed all-round improvement in the affairs of the school. The President next gave away the prizes.
He also made a short but nice speech laying particular stress upon the necessity of discipline and obedience for the student to build up character.
The Secretary gave the vote of thanks. The ceremony ended with a closing song sung by the students.
- সাজানো হয়েছিল
Question 22. A Street Accident
Points: The grimmest shock-boys playing tennis ball in a park came to the street to collect the ball-collided with a carboy died on the spot police arrived – the body was taken to hospital driver was arrested reactions.
Answer: I had the grimmest1 shock of my life the other day. A few boys of about 10 to 12 were playing with a tennis ball in a park opposite to our house.
Suddenly one of them jumped over the railing and ran into the middle of the street chasing the ball that had come out there.
Just at that time, a private motor car was passing along the place.
The boy came right in front of it so suddenly and so unexpectedly2 that the driver had no time to stop the car. The car hit the boy and he fell down dead.
A loud cry of alarm was raised by the people around. Along with a few others, I ran up to the spot of the accident. We formed a ring around the driver in order to protect him from mob fury3.
He was not at all to blame for the tragedy. The police arrived at the scene and took away the body to the Medical College Hospital.
The driver was also arrested. The sickening sight has upset me so much that it rises up before my mind’s eye even now and fills me with horror and pity.
May the departed soul rest in peace.
- বিভৎস
- আকস্মিকভাবে
- জনতার রোষ
- দৃশ্য
Question 23. Recollection of my Childhood
Points Childhood happy memories mother a housewife good harmony in the family Padma friends other memories father, headmaster early schooling highly respected – swimming in the reactions.
Answer: The recollections1 of my childhood are full of happy memories.
I can remember everything vividly2 as if it happened only yesterday.
We lived in a small town on the bank of the river Padma. My father was the headmaster of a local school and he was a highly respected man.
Our family consisted of five members-parents, myself, and my two elder sisters.
I was the youngest member of the family and the lion’s share of affection was showered on me. Ours was a very simple and happy family.
Mother had an inexhaustible3 store of fairy tales which she used to open up every night before I went to bed.
My next recollection is of a small park near our house where I used to play with my friends every afternoon. I became intimate with some I met there and they are still very close to me.
I still remember the day when I was first taken to my father’s school for admission.
I was initially very nervous.
But soon the smiling faces of the class teachers and the warmth of the classmates dispelled all my fears.
As I was promoted to higher classes, I could feel a strong bond growing in me for the school.
I began to take a keen interest in my lessons and won the admiration of the teachers.
I learned to swim at a very early age in a pond near our house.
The memories of our playful swimming in the pond with my friends still linger in my mind.
We also played hide and seek in the nearby abandoned’ Rajbari.
What a time childhood was! Everything then appeared to be charming. Life was as happy as one could wish it to be.
- স্মৃতি
- পরিষ্কারভাবে
- অফুরন্ত
- দূর করল
- খেলাচ্ছলে
- লুকোচুরি
- পরিত্যক্ত
Question 24. My first day at School
Points Admitted to class III students gathered around me teachers enter gentle voice fear goes play with the boys.
Answer: The memories of my first day at school is still fresh in my mind.
When I was only eight years old, I was admitted to class III. My father took me to the Headmaster, who after admitting me directed me to my class.
No sooner had I taken the seat in a corner than a number of boys of my age gathered around, making inquiries about me.
I was a little nervous at first, but when I found that there was no malice! in them, I began to feel at ease. Soon the bell rang and the class teacher entered the class. We all stood up and greeted him.
He accepted it with a smile and bade us sit down. As his eyes fell upon me, he came up and asked me my name.
His gentle tone? put me at ease and I answered his questions without fear in my heart.
He cheered me with a few words. The other teachers too made the same impression3 on me.
I was in a good mood during the tiffin period playing with the boys in the school compound.
When the class dissolved for the day, I returned home with all my early fears gone. I really felt very excited and happy that day.
- অপকার করিবার ইচ্ছা
- কথাবলার ধরন ও ধারণা
Question 25. Duties of Students
Points: Students-future citizens – seed time of a lifetime to build up character, hard work discipline duties towards the country-must have patience-bear responsibility – a great expectation from them.
Answer: We live in a society that comprises our parents, teachers, friends, relatives, and others.
They have great expectation1 from students who are future citizens of the country. On them depend the progress and prosperity of the country.
Student life is said to be the seed time of life. It is the time to prepare oneself for the future.
Much care is to be taken to mold their character at this stage. Society expects students to be hardworking, obedient, and polite.
They should live a disciplined, orderly, and clean life. They have to serve not only themselves but also the society and the country.
They should develop in them a sense of patience, truthfulness, and honesty so that they could shoulder any responsibility entrusted to them.
Students should try their best to meet all these expectations of society.
- প্রত্যাশা
- বাধ্য
- শিষ্ট
- বহন করতে পারা
Question 26. Libraries
Points: What it is types lending libraries reading libraries school and college libraries traveling libraries – useful to villagers conclusion.
Answer: A library is a room or building where books and papers are kept for reading.
Libraries are of different kinds. Some lend books only to members for study at home.
These are called lending libraries. Some of these libraries have free reading rooms where journals and books are laid on the table for free study by everybody, including non-members.
There are others that do not lend books, but allow the members to use them in the library hall.
School and college libraries are meant for the teachers and the students of the respective institutions.
There are traveling’ libraries here and there. In this system selected collections of books belonging to a big central library are circulated by turns from place to place.
This allows even villages that have no libraries of their own to get the benefit of the big central library at a distant place. All these libraries are great boon2 to the people.
- ভ্রাম্যমান
- আশীর্বাদ
Question 27. School Magazine
Points: Serves useful purpose committee formed selection of poems, stories, etc.- school activities encourage writing habits – a stepping stone for future writers – a link between the past and present students of the school.
Answer: A school magazine is a periodical1 of the students and it serves many useful purposes. Generally, there is a committee to run the show.
It is often headed by a teacher who is assisted by senior students of the institution.
The organizational work gives these students training in making judicial selection2 of the best poems, stories, essays, and reports contributed by the young writers of the school.
They also learn to edit the selected articles, write editorial notes, and report on the activities of the school.
On the other hand, the magazine inspires the young writers of the school to try their hands at literary composition. A student feels proud and happy when he finds his writing in print.
A little encouragement at this stage gives him confidence for better creative writing. The school magazine is read and discussed by the students.
They admire the writers and get acquainted with those they did not know.
In fact, the school magazine is the first stepping stone for the future writer.
It also serves as a link between the past and present students of the school. Old boys, contributing articles to the magazine, get in touch with the present students.
- সাময়িক পত্রিকা
- সঠিকভাবে বিচার করা
- সম্পাদকীয়
- গঠনমূলক লেখা
- পরিচিত হওয়া
Question 28. Importance of a School Library
Points: The library is an essential part of a school’s choice of books-journals, and newspapers meant for students and teachers a great help to everyone-a treasure house of knowledge that creates a reading habit.
Answer: A library is an essential part of a school. It acts as a store-house1 of knowledge having the widest possible range and choice of books.
Books on academic subjects, fiction, poems, and standard works on Bengali and English literature are available in a library. One can also find journals, newspapers, and periodicals2 there.
The library is meant for students and teachers of the school. It is not possible for students to buy all the books they need to consult.
The library, therefore, is very helpful to them. Here they can consult textbooks and reference books on different subjects to meet their needs.
It is a treasure house of wisdom, knowledge, and guidance. A good library attracts students and encourages their reading habits.
A student learns to use his spare time fruitfully by reading books in the school library.
- ভাণ্ডার
- সাময়িক পত্রিকাসমূহ
- কেবল তথ্যাদির জন্য ব্যবহৃত গ্রন্থ (অর্থাৎ যা সাধারণভাবে পাঠ করা হয় না)
- উৎসাহ প্রদান করে
Question 29. Your Favourite Hero
Points Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose declined to join I. C. S. India’s freedom-imprisonment – undaunted spirit arrested disappeared mysteriously – raised I. N. A. marched to the border of India – a great patriot.
Answer: My favorite hero is Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.
He passed the Indian Civil Service Examination and could have risen to the highest position in the government of the country.
But nothing of these had any attraction for him. He was a born fighter and fought all his life for noble causes in utter disregard1 for everything personal.
He gave up the Indian Civil Service and began a life of struggles for the country’s freedom.
He suffered imprisonment again and again and his health broke down, but his spirit remained undaunted.
He became the President of the Indian National Congress in 1938.
The Second World War broke out and he was interned2 in his home in Kolkata, from where he disappeared mysteriously in 1941 and left the country. He raised the Indian National Army by the Indians all over Eastern Asia.
His soldiers called him their Netaji and marched under him toward the border of India.
His attempt, however, failed and his whereabouts are still a mystery.
But his life presents a series of battles in every sphere of human activity-spiritual, social, political, and military.
Indeed, history has few examples of all-round heroes like him.
- উপেক্ষা করিয়া
- রাজবন্দি
Question 30. Your Favourite Game
Points: Cricket my favorite game needs concentration patience self-control quickness of judgment evidence of sporting spirit.
Answer: Cricket is my favorite game. It requires deep concentration1, great patience2, quickness of judgment, and perfect self-control3-in fact, almost every quality necessary for success in the world.
A good batsman never allows his concentration to be disturbed by the wiles of the bowlers or by attacking field placing.
He must decide with the quickness of thought which ball he should play and which ball he should let alone.
He must have the patience to save the game, if necessary, by using up time.
The bowlers and the fieldsmen too must never relax or lose concentration for a moment even when the same batsmen go on punishing them for hours together.
Besides, even the bowler and fieldsmen cheer a batsman when he completes 50 or 100 runs.
In what other game is such sporting spirit so common during the course of the game? The teams ‘play the game’ in the true sense of the phrase.
- মনঃসংযম
- ধৈর্য
- আত্মসংযম
- ছল
Question 31. The Teacher You Like Best
Points: Came across many teachers – Sri Shymakanta Bhattacharjee was the best- a friend, philosopher, and guide-gave special coaching to the students-good in all subjects – took part in games with students – a disciplinarian.
Answer: In the course of my student life, I came across many good teachers. Amongst them were brilliant scholars and great teachers.
But in Sri Shyamakanta Bhattacherjee, I found not only a teacher with all the good qualities1 but also a friend, a philosopher, and a guide. Although he loved everyone, I was his favorite student.
Untiring2 in his zeal, he had a great love for all students even the naughty ones.
He was never unhappy even for a moment. Though English was his favorite subject, he was equally strong in other subjects too and could go on giving notes on them with equal ease.
He explained everything so lucidly that all the subjects he taught proved to be interesting.
His doors were always open to us. He sympathized with us whenever we were in difficulty.
He was a strict disciplinarian but he had a soft corner for all of us.
He also encouraged us to take part in sports and games and even participated in certain games with us. In short, he was more than a teacher to us.
I admire him and still remember him because he was an ideal teacher in all respects.
- গুণাবলি
- অক্লান্ত
- প্রাঞ্জলভাবে
- কঠোর নিয়মানুবর্তিতাপ্রিয় লোক
Question 32. My Favourite Subject in School
Points: Name of the subject History a record of human evolution – reasons for the rise and fall of empires-record of revolution-international politics-lessons to learn.
Answer: History is my favorite subject. When I read history, I become fully engrossed1 in it. History is not a mere record of certain dates and events.
It is in fact a record of human evolution2. It tells us how man has come to this present state of civilization. It also tells us how so many empires simply fell because of the folly of the ruling classes.
We can also learn how unarmed masses brought down powerful rulers through revolutions.
It also tells us the intricate politics of different nations that caused wars affecting the whole world. There is so much to learn from it.
One can learn lessons from history and avoid making the same mistakes.
- একান্তভাবে নিমগ্ন থাকা
- বিবর্তন
- বোকামি
- গোলমেলে
Question 33. A Book you have recently read
Points: Name of the book-author-theme- salient points – why do you like it?
Answer: Recently I read the book ‘Ramer Sumati’ by Sarat Chandra. The story is all about a joint family.
The central figure is Ramlal, the boy hero of the story, who lost his mother when he was a child.
Since then he had been brought up with all the love and affection of a mother by Narayani, wife of his stepbrother Shymlal.
Ramlal was an unruly boy, full of mischief. He was almost a terror to everyone that worried Narayani.
But her motherly love and affection gave him constant protection and saved the joint family from breaking. In fact, Narayani was more than a mother to Ramlal.
The author’s portrayal of Ramlal appeals to me the most. Though he was a terror to others, he was like a lamb to his
sister-in-law Narayani. He was a love-hungry boy and Narayani could understand his moods well. She loved her with all affection.
These tender feelings have been nicely shown in the novel. I really liked the book.
- যৌথ পরিবার
- বর্ণনা
Question 34. A Memorable Day in Your Life
Points: I still remember the day a big envelope-excitement admission letter to me. I. T extreme joy — parents blessed me — neighbors congratulated – a golden dream came true happiest day in my life.
Answer: A moment that is sweet lasts long in our memory. I distinctly1 remember the day.
My H. S. examination was over and I was having a relaxed time. One day, after spending the afternoon with my friends, I returned home.
My parents were waiting for me. Sister also came running. She was carrying a big envelope in her hand. They all seemed to be very excited and their faces bore reflections of animated joy.
My sister shouted that there was good news for me in the envelope and she would not tell unless she got a heavy bakshis.
After much cajolling2 I could get the letter. Lo and behold It was the admission letter from the I.I.T., Kharagpur. My joy then knew no bounds.
I did quite well in the joint entrance examination. But to get selected finally in the highly competitive all-India test was something none could be sure of.
In fact, I was a little tense to know the result. My parents blessed me for my success.
Neighbors also came. They all congratulated me again and again.
I was lost in golden dreams. At last, I was going to join an institution of international fame.
It was the happiest and most memorable day in my life because my future career got a definite direction that day.
But that happy day taught me a lesson, too. I made up my mind to work hard in order to be successful in my career.
- পরিষ্কারভাবে
- মিষ্টি কথায় ভোলানো
Question 35. The Scene in an Examination Hall
Points: Typical suspense – last minute look at books and notes take seats – question papers distributed-invigilators-writing of answers – absolute silence-difficult questions bewilderment time over- invigilators collect answer scripts.
Answer: The scene in an examination hall is always full of typical suspense1.
Before entering the hall, the candidates consult the notes and books to have a last minute glimpse of the probable questions and their answers.
As the bell rings, they take their seats. Question papers are then distributed.
It is a very tense moment for them. The invigilators2 start moving up and down the hall to keep watch over the candidates.
Very soon the examinees are found busy writing answers in the answer books in complete silence.
Expression of bewilderment appears on the faces of the candidates if the questions are found stiff.
With the approach of the time limit, they become very serious and pay more attention to revise the answers.
When the time limit is over, the invigilators collect the answer scripts. The candidates are relieved after passing a couple of tense hours in the examination hall.
- উৎকন্ঠা
- রীক্ষার হলে যারা তত্ত্বাবধান করেন এবং পাহারা দেন
- হতবুদ্ধিভাব
- মুক্ত হওয়া, লাঘব
- বোধ করা
Question 36. Festivals in Bengal
Points: Many festivals the Durga Puja the Kali Puja Holy the Saraswati Puja importance of these festivals.
Answer: Bengali calender is full of festivals. It is said that there are thirteen festivals in twelve months in West Bengal.
All these festivals play an important part in our social life. Among the most important festivals are the Durga Puja, Kali Puja, and Saraswati Puja.
Then there are the Jagadhatri Puja and Biswakarma Puja which are also performed by many.
The most important and greatest Hindu religious festival in West Bengal is the Durga Puja.
It is celebrated when Goddess Durga visits her father’s house on the seventh day after the new moon in autumn.
The occasion signifies the great victory of Goddess Durga over Mahishasura.
It is celebrated by millions all over the state. Then comes Diwali and Kali Puja. Diwali is actually the festival of sound and light.
The Holi is the festival of color celebrated in spring. On this occasion, we sprinkle 1 colored water on others and smear their faces with colored powder.
Saraswati Puja is another festival that is also very popular, especially among students and young boys and girls.
It is also celebrated in many houses. We pray to the goddess for more knowledge and wisdom.
All these festivals rekindle the religious emotions of the people and also bring joy to all.
People forget about the barriers between man and man.
- ছিটিয়ে দেওয়া
- মাখিয়ে দেওয়া
- উদ্দীপ্ত করা
Question 37. The Durga Puja, The Greatest Festival In Bengal
Points: The greatest festival of the Bengalees held in autumn-Durga, a symbol of strength and power weapons – victory of good over evil pomp and splendor – huge pandals new dresses, gifts schools, and colleges significance.
Answer: The Durga Puja is the greatest festival of the Bengalees.
It is observed once a year in the autumn. Goddess Durga is the symbol of strength and power and she is worshipped along with her children Lakshmi, Saraswati, Kartik, and Ganesh.
The idol of Durga shows her holding weapons in her ten hands and killing the demon.
Goddess Durga symbolises1 the victory of good over evil. The festival is held for four days with great pomp and splendour2.
Huge pandals artistically decorated and brilliantly illuminated3 mark the festival.
Men, women, and children, dressed in new clothes, worship the goddess and seek her blessings.
This is also the occasion to meet others and exchange gifts and good wishes.
Those who live abroad come home at this time to meet their relatives and friends. It is really a very happy time for all.
The festival ends on the fourth day when the images are immersed in rivers and tanks.
On the occasion of the Durga Puja schools, colleges, and courts remain closed for a number of days.
This is also the occasion when people forget their differences and get together to enjoy the festival with all merriment5.
This is undoubtedly the greatest significance of this wonderful festival.
- প্রতীকস্বরূপ হওয়া
- ধুমধাম
- আলোকজ্জিত হওয়া
- বিসর্জন দেওয়া
- উল্লাস
Question 38. The Seasons in Bengal
Points: Five seasons- summer, hot-monsoon, rainy – brings relief ponds, tanks flood-autumn – clear sky festivals, green fields-winter-cold, vegetable plants, flowers.
Answer: From the climatic point of view, there are five seasons in Bengal monsoon, autumn, winter, and spring.
Summer begins in mid-April and continues up to the end of June.
It is the hottest season of the year. The scorching1 sun and hot winds become unbearable.
There are occasional storms in the afternoon generally known as ‘norwesters’.
The fierce heat of summer is followed by the monsoon months, from the end of June to the end of August.
These are the months of frequent rain. The earth cools down; tanks, ponds, and canals are full of water.
Sometimes there are floods that damage crops and thatched houses.
This season is welcomed by farmers as rain helps them in cultivation.
Autumn in Bengal covers the months of September and October. The sky is clear and nature seems smiling with green fields all around.
Paddy is harvested in this season. This is also the season for festivals like Durga Puja and Dewali.
Winter begins in November and lasts till the middle of February.
These are the cold months, very comfortable for the rich, but trying1 for the poor.
Varieties of seasonal vegetables like cabbages, cauliflowers, and tomatoes flood the market.
There is little rain and people enjoy the warm sun fully. Then comes spring which extends from the middle of February to the second week of April.
It is the season of greenery5 and flowers. Plants and trees put forth leaves and gardens charm the eye with various kinds of flowers.
- দগ্ধকারি
- অসহ্য
- ফসল কেটে ঘরে তোলা
- কষ্টকর
- সবুজ গাছপালা
Question 39. Winter In Bengal Or, The Season You Like Most
Points: Best season winter months – severe in North Bengal-warm clothing – bright sunshine harvesting season-fresh vegetables-picnics, festivals- the poor suffer.
Answer: Winter is the best of all seasons in Bengal and I like this season the most.
December, January, and February are the three winter months. The weather at this time is very pleasant1.
Only in the hilly areas of Darjeeling district and in some parts of North Bengal the winter is quite severe.
In this season we can work hard but not get tired. We put on warm clothes and enjoy the bright sunshine. The nights are very cold.
The night in a warm bed under a quilt is very comfortable. Paddy is harvested in this season.
Colorful seasonal flowers grow in gardens. Fish, vegetables, and fruits are also available in plenty in this season. They are very cheap also.
This is the most suitable time for holding picnics in the open air.
We can go out and hold excursions in winter. Various types of fairs are held and festivals like Saraswati Puja, Christmas, and New Year’s Day are celebrated in this season.
While we enjoy the cool comfort of the winter, poor people suffer a lot during these months.
They do not have warm items of clothing to protect them from the cold.
- আরামদায়ক
- দুঃসহ
- লেপ
- ফসল কাটা হয়
- প্রমোদ ভ্রমণ
Question 40. Rainy Days
Points: On rainy days do not have to attend classes streets are flooded cars and fun in getting soaked – students fail trams stop plying-buses move with great difficulty to attend classes-school grants a rainy day return home – enjoy playing at home.
Answer: I like rainy days. I like them more when my homework remains incomplete and I am afraid of attending classes.
Excessive rain during the early hours of the day greatly hampers1 normal life. Streets become flooded with water, and playgrounds often look like vast water sheets. Cars and trams stop playing.
Occasionally buses move along the water- logged2 streets. The waves they create in the water are pleasant to look at.
During such heavy rains, it is fun to get soaked in rain and wade through knee-deep water in the streets. Most of the students cannot attend classes while others attend with wet clothes on. They are often granted a holiday.
When I return home, my mother takes care of me. She offers me hot tea. We often play and relax at home on a rainy day.
- ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত করে
- জলমগ্ন
- জলভেঙে হাঁটা
Question 41. A Rainy Day
Points: Drizzles from early morning-downpour-missing of school-water logging -vehicles stranded – children playful – stopping of rains – roads clear- normal traffic.
Answer: We had a rainy day yesterday. There were drizzles1 from early morning.
At about 9 a.m., it began to rain in showers. As the downpour continued, I felt school was out of the question.
So I began to watch the sight from the window. And what a sight it was! The roads and streets were under deep water.
Tram cars were standing on the lines. A few private cars were also stranded2.
The buses plied on with difficulty splashing water on all sides.
Young children were floating paper boats on the water accumulated on the streets.
Some urchins sprinkled water among themselves for fun. The rain stopped after an hour or so, but it took another two hours for the water to recede.
The tramway men opened the manholes and stood by lest somebody should fall into them unknowingly. It was past noon when the roads became passable.
- গুড়ি গুড়ি বৃষ্টি
- আটকিয়ে যাওয়া
- [Rainy Day বলতে বৃষ্টির দিনের সুবিধা অসুবিধার কথা বোঝায়; কিন্তু A Rainy Day বলতে একটি নির্দিষ্ট বৃষ্টির দিনের অভিজ্ঞতার কথা বোঝায়}
Question 42. Visit Science City
Points: Introduction companions went to Science City lava, Dynomotion very popular place – prehistoric animals sounds had witnessed volcanic eruption refreshments great fun.
Answer: Science City is a recent addition to Kolkata landmarks, and we visited it on Sunday last.
We proceeded from our school in the morning on two buses. Shouting and screaming were the first part of our journey.
What fun we had! The unique structure of the Science City makes it easily visible2 even from a great distance.
We entered the spacious space theatre to watch the ring of fire.
It was very exciting to watch a bang of volcanic eruptions with streaming lava and smoky gases.
Thereafter we were in Dynomotion where we could watch different activities of science, from a pool of water to quicksand3 to golf playing.
Everything was based on some principles of science. After lunch, we went to Evolution Park for an exciting experience about our prehistoric ancestors.
The hall was vibrating with peculiar sounds! We had fun with music and soft drinks.
Then at 3 p.m., we departed from this world of science, giving full throated shouts of appreciation all the way. It was a great trip full of fun and excitement.
- আনন্দ হৈয়া
- দৃষ্টিগোচর
- চোরাবালি
- প্রাগঐতিহাসিক
- বিচিত্র
- উপলব্ধি।
Question 43. Visit to an Orphanage
Points: What it is children attending classes lunch together-orderly disciplined – deprived of the love and affection of their parents- taken good care of – sweet and sad feeling.
Answer: An orphanage is a home for children whose parents are dead.
Yesterday I went to visit the orphanage, Oasis. I found a large number of little children attending their classes, sitting on the floor over mats.
There were no benches or desks for them. They were very quiet and attentive.
At the lunch hour, they all assembled2 in the dining hall. Everything was very orderly33 and disciplined.
I talked to some of the kids. They were very intelligent and courteous.
I felt very sad for the poor children. God has deprived them of the love and affection of their parents.
But the orphanage people take good care of them. I only pray that the children grow up to be good citizens.
The visit to the orphanage made me feel at once sweet and sad.
- অনাথ আশ্রম
- জড়ো হয়েছিল
- সুশৃঙ্খল
- ভদ্র
Question 44. Visit a Place of Pilgrimage Or, Visit Puri
Points: Introduction-name of the place why it is worth seeing a brief description of the journey an account of the place visited activities and behavior of the people connected with the shrine your final impression.
Answer: Last month we visited Puri. We left Howrah at night by Puri Express and reached Puri the next day morning.
Puri is a unique1 religious place, particularly for a Hindu. A visit there satisfies his religious hunger.
The chief attraction of Puri is the Temple of Jagannath. It is famous for its size and architecture, besides its sacredness2 to the Hindus.
Thousands of devout3 Hindus flock to it to have a darshan of God and offer their homage at his feet. We went to the temple and offered our prayers.
We also visited the shrine of Lord Gouranga where we could see some of the things used by the Lord.
The sight of so many people – men and women, boys and girls, rich and poor, wearing different dresses-all joining together in the common worship of the Lord is really worth seeing.
It has a purifying and ennobling1 effect upon the mind.
- অনুপম
- পবিত্রতা
- ধর্মনিষ্ঠ
- মহান করে এমন
Question 45. Visit a Historical Place Or, Visit a Place of Interest
Points: Agra – Tajmahal – made of marble- huge central dome – big garden Agra fort, Shajahan confined here – Diwan-i-Khas, Diwan-i-Am.
Answer: My dream came true when last month our history teacher arranged a trip to Agra for us.
It was 24 October when we reached there. That very afternoon we went to see the famous Taj Mahal.
It is a masterpiece1 of architecture-all in marble. We admired the four mosques with tall slender minarets2 and the huge central dome.
The surroundings lend more beauty to it. The mausoleum 3 stands in the center of a big garden with marble water channels, rows of fountains, and stately cypress trees.
The tombs of Shah Jahan and his wife lie beneath the dome. We went to see the Agra Fort too.
When Shah Jahan was confined there, he spent his time gazing at the mausoleum of his creation from his prison window.
We saw things that we had read about in our books-the Dewan-i-Am, the Diwan-i-Khas, the Pearl Mosque, and the Sish Mahal.
A visit to a place of historical importance does make history real and interesting. It was a wonderful trip.
- সেরা কাজ
- মিনার
- স্মৃতি সৌধ
- একদৃষ্টে তাকিয়ে থাকা
Question 46. Visit a Busy Railway Station
Points: Overcrowded-porters-hawkers-ticket collectors-luggage-scramble amongst passengers-shrill whistle of engines.
Answer: The other day, I went to Howrah Station to see off one of my friends.
As I entered the station premises, I found the place overcrowded with porters, passengers, and hawkers.
The ticket collectors were busy checking the tickets of the passengers.
Luggage and mail parcels were strewn1 all over the platform. Porters were carrying heavy loads upon their heads.
Frequent announcements of the time of arrival and departure of trains came through loudspeakers.
The passengers spread along2 the whole length of the platform and eagerly waited for the train.
Soon the train arrived and a scramble to get in started. There was a lot of hustle and bustle at the platforms.
We had, however, no difficulty in finding the berth reserved for my friend.
Occasional shrill whistles of the engines, the din and bustle of the crowd made the atmosphere even more noisy.
Howrah station seemed to be a mini India with people from every state waiting for their respective trains.
- ছড়িয়ে ছিটিয়ে থাকা
- জুড়ে বসে থাকা
- ঠেলাঠেলি
- কর্মব্যস্ততা
- হৈচৈ
Question 47. Visit to a Circus
Points: Went to see a circus- big crowd, long queues
beautiful show – trapezes, balance games, etc. -a man jumping with a running jeep-cyclists, jugglers- tigers, horses, and other animals -funny clowns – enjoyed it much.
Answer: For a long time I wanted to see a circus show and last winter I had that opportunity for the first time in my life.
The famous Jemini Circus had come to our town and pitched its camp near the Railway Maidan.
As I came near the circus tent, I found a big crowd and long queues in front of the ticket counters.
I went inside and took my seat in the gallery. The show was really beautiful. I enjoyed the trapezes, balances, and other feats performed by the artists.
I was thrilled to see a man jumping a long distance with his Jeep.
The artists performed miracles with bicycles. The jugglers kept us in suspense. There were also tigers and other animals.
They obeyed their masters and showed some tricks. I was charmed to see a horse dancing to the rhythm of Band 2. Above all, there were the clowns.
They were so funny! The show was very interesting and entertaining. I didn’t know how time passed so swiftly watching the circus show.
- তাঁবু ফেলে বসবাস করা
- বাদ্যবৃন্দ
Question 48. Journey to a Hill Station
Points: A fascinating experience – toy train-zig zag course flowers small villages picturesque beauty – zoo – the Mall.
tea gardens-seasonal
Answer: Last summer I made a trip to Darjeeling, the Queen of Hill Stations.
We traveled to New Jalpaiguri by the Darjeeling Mail. There we got into the toy train.
Oh! What an experience it was! The train moved very slowly through the Terai in a zig-zag course1.
The streams, tea gardens, seasonal flowers, and the beautiful greenery of the forests on either side of the railway track presented a picturesque scene.
The journey from New Jalpaiguri to Darjeeling was a wonderful experience.
We stayed in a hotel in Darjeeling. There are many tourist spots there.
We visited the local zoo where we saw some very rare animals.
We also visited Lloyd Botanical Garden, Rock Garden, the beautiful monastery at Ghoom, and the ropeway. One early morning we drove to Tiger Hill to enjoy the enchanting1 beauty of the rising sun.
Visiting the mall was a part of our daily routine from where we witnessed the beauty of Mount Kanchanjangha. The visit to Darjeeling was a memorable event in my life.
- আঁকা বাঁকা পথ
- ছবির মত
- বৌদ্ধ মন্দির
- মনমুগ্ধকর
Question 49. Visit to a Book Fair
Points: An annual event with great attraction-book-stalls and pavilions – books on arts, science, literature, novels, engineering, etc. their shapes and bindings-long queues – crowd juvenile literature brisk sale canteens refreshments.
Answer: Book fairs have become very interesting annual events in Kolkata.
This year I visited the fair with my brother. When we reached the fairground, we found long queues in front of the ticket counters.
After buying tickets we went inside. There were about five hundred book stalls and pavilions of different shapes and sizes beautifully decorated.
Nicely bound books on different subjects like arts, science, literature, novels, and engineering were displayed on the counters.
They looked beautiful in their smart covers. Very soon the whole area became crowded. Queues in front of certain stalls lengthened.
In some places, it became difficult to reach out2 to the books.
Business at all counters was brisk3. Customers were happy to get a ten percent discount on each purchase.
Some publishing houses brought out famous and rare books on this occasion.
There were stalls selling only juvenile literature- both national and international. Each person found something to suit his pocket and taste.
Everybody carried a couple of packets and was looking for some more.
There were a few canteens and we took some refreshments in one such place.
The whole atmosphere was. joyous but disciplined. I enjoyed every moment of the visit to the fair.
- প্রদর্শন করা হয়েছিল
- পৌঁছানো
- তৎপরতার সঙ্গে
- প্রকাশিত করেছিল
- শিশুসাহিত্য
- জলযোগ
- আনন্দমুখর
Question 50. A Funny Incident
Points: Late evening brother in the bedroom came out running – heard voices of ghosts I went near the almirah – heard some voices in whisper, songs, etc.- tried to find out what was inside the almirah – found a transistor switched on.
Answer: I had a funny and memorable experience last year. It was a winter evening.
As I was watching a TV program and was feeling cold, I asked my younger brother to fetch1 a shawl from my bedroom. He was only five.
He entered the bedroom but came out running from it immediately.
He said that he had heard some voices in the bedroom even though there was none inside. He was afraid that it was the voice of some ghost2.
I could not believe him. I entered the bedroom to find out what was happening.
I also heard some voices in the form of whispers, cries, and songs.
As I came near the almirah, I heard the noise coming out from within the almirah. With great courage, I opened the almirah.
A big surprise awaited me. Someone had kept a transistor with its switch on inside the almirah and the ‘ghost’ voice was coming out of it.
- গিয়ে আনা
- ভূত
Question 51. The Land We Live in Or, Your Motherland
Points: Introduction boundary-north, south, east and west deserts places of old civilization-different religions different religions.
Answer: The land we live in is called Bharat or India. It is a great and beautiful country.
In the north, we have the Himalayas, the highest mountains in the world.
Their tops are always covered with snow and they look majestic from a distance.
On the south is the blue ocean. In between we have nature in all her forms. There are large rivers, green fields, dense forests, high hills, and even sandy deserts.
The land has a proud history behind her. It was from here that the light of civilisation1 first spread to the countries in South Asia.
The Vedas, the Geeta, the Ramayana, and the Mahabharata are among the greatest books of the world.
Some of the religions of the present day-Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism- had their origin here.
The Parsees, who came from Persia, made her their home long ago.
She has also been the home of many Mussalmans and Christians for hundreds of years.
India is thus the common mother of many people belonging to all the different religions2.
No other country in the world is like her in this respect.
- সভ্যতা
- ধর্ম
Question 52. Our National Flag
Points: Colour-green, white, saffron-occasion of hoist-history- your respectful homage.
Answer: Our national flag is very sacred1 to us. It has three colored stripes of equal width and they are all horizontal.
The colors are saffron2 at the top, white in the middle, and green at the bottom.
There is a wheel blue in color at the center. Each color has its significance.
The saffron stands for sacrifice, the white color indicates truth and purity, and green stands for freshness and energy.
The wheel in the middle represents the Dharma Chakra of King Ashoka.
This denotes activity and progress. The national flag is an emblem3 of national dignity.
Therefore it has to be treated with honor and respect. It is hoisted5 daily on all important Government buildings. Only on the days of national festivals like Independence Day, Republic Day, etc.
it can be hoisted on private buildings also. Our national flag has a long history.
Many freedom fighters sacrificed their lives for it. It is the duty of every Indian to uphold the honor of our national flag and pay homage to it.
- পবিত্র
- গেরুয়া
- চিহ্ন
- মৰ্য্যাদা
- উত্তোলন করা হয়
- রক্ষা করা
Question 53. Communal Harmony
Points: India, is a land of diverse religions, castes, and communities-united-fought against British rule – the appearance of disruptive forces religious fundamentalism riots bloodshed, a threat to national integrity – need for communal harmony.
Answer: India is a vast country with people of diverse communities1, castes, and religions living side by side. During British rule, people forgot their differences and stood united against them.
But after independence, disruptive2 forces gradually started creating a sense of mistrust among the different communities.
Religious fundamentalism began to show its fangs5.
Narrow-minded religious leaders now do not hesitate to spread hatred campaigns against other communities for political gains.
Even minor incidents sometimes lead to communal riots causing widespread bloodshed.
The Gujarat riots and the Sikh riots in 1984 in Delhi are cases in point.
The country pays a heavy price for such disturbances through loss of life and property.
The unity and integrity of the country is now under threat. It is the duty of every Indian to promote communal harmony and live in amity.
We must fight against communalism to take our country to further progress.
- সম্প্রদায়
- বিচ্ছিন্নবাদী
- অবিশ্বাস
- গোঁড়ামি
- হিংস্ৰ দাঁত
- অখণ্ডতা
- সাম্প্রদায়িক সম্প্রীতি
Question 54. Terrorism
Points: What terrorism is a challenge is an analysis solution crime against humanity ruthless action needed a worldwide problem campaign against it a proxy war – a how to eradicate.
Answer: Terrorism is the use of violence to attain one’s political ends. Every day there are reports of sensational1 and shocking terrorist activities.
A worldwide phenomenon2, today it has struck terror in the hearts of the people.
Terrorism includes the kidnapping of eminent personalities, the bombing of civilian territories, the blowing of buses, trains, and airplanes, and the killing of innocent people all with a view to spreading fear among the masses.
It is a kind of proxy war against the existing elected government.
The evils of terrorism are obvious and the world has become very familiar with its acts.
It is a crime against humanity. Terrorism must be curbed3 with a heavy hand.
A group of senseless people cannot be allowed to hold the country to ransom.
Law and order enforcement agencies should be made more effective to combat the terror campaign and prevent the creation of fear.
The root causes should be analyzed to eradicate terrorism. If that is done people all over the world can live in peace and prosperity.
- রোমহর্ষক,
- ঘটনা,
- দমন করা,
- মুক্তিপণ,
- বাধা দেওয়া,
- বিলোপ করা।
Question 55. Wild Life in India
Points: India’s famous wildlife – Royal Bengal Tiger man eaters of Kumaon lion in Gir forest rhinos at Kaziranga – National parks-bird sanctuary – preservation.
Answer: India is rich in wildlife. We have the majestic Royal Bengal Tigers roaming1 in the Sundarbans.
Then there are the man eaters of Kumaon that draw tourists from across the world.
We have wild elephants in the Terai and in Karnataka state. In the Gir forest, we still have a few dozen of lions.
Garumara forest in North Bengal is famous for rhinos. Single-horned rhinos are given shelter in Kaziranga National Park, Assam.
Nowhere else in the world, this type of animal can be seen. To give wild animals safe habitat2 forests have been earmarked as National Parks or Reserve Forests.
Thus have grown National Parks at Simlipal, Orissa; Jim Corbet, U. P.; Kanha, M. P. and Gir, Gujarat. Even the crocodiles are not forgotten.
They are reared up3 in their natural surroundings in the Sundarbans and in Orissa.
The largest bird sanctuary in India is at Bharatpur, Rajasthan.
The government is very conscious of preserving wild animals. Strict laws have been enforced to protect them.
- বিচরণ করা
- স্বাভাবিক বাসস্থান
- লালনপালন করে গড়ে তোলা
Question 56. TV As Medium Of Mass Education
Points: TV. important addition – increase in the scope of learning-audio-visual system teaches many students at a time beneficial to medical students, sportsmen, farmers, housewives means for educating the mass.
Answer: One of the most important additions to the electronic world is TV.
With the advent1 of TV, man’s scope of learning has increased to a great extent. It has a vital role to play as a medium of mass education.
The audio-visual system of education has become possible only after the advent of TV.
It teaches thousands of students at a time with lessons projected on TV screens.
Sportsmen can be taught how to improve their performances through modern training schedules through videos.
Farmers can be taught to produce more by proper utilization of modern scientific processes2 as advised by experts on TV. Even housewives in rural areas can learn about first aid, family planning and so many other things in their leisure hours.
The quiz programs are always informative and interesting. Through TV we can educate our people and make them aware of the various national problems.
We can also show the rest of the world the progress made by our country through TV documentaries.
Thus, TV in India can educate the mass and help in national development and reconstruction, besides providing entertainment to all of us.
- আর্বিভাব
- প্রক্রিয়া
- শিক্ষামূলক।
Question 57. Energy Crisis
Points: Main sources of fuel-coal, oil, and firewood need for alternative sources reduction in storage of oil solar energy-hydel, wind, bio-gas-nuclear energy conservation of energy.
Answer: Energy fuels or fuels that provide heat energy have assumed vast importance since the OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries) countries chose to increase the price of oil to prohibitive1 levels.
The dominating energy fuels in the world economy are three: coal, oil, and firewood.
With the rise in population, there have been heavy draws from the coal and petroleum reserves.
Petroleum is the main source of energy for running automobiles, diesel locomotives, airplanes, furnaces, and numerous other utility devices and machines.
At the present rate of consumption, the petroleum reserve may last for another thirty to forty years only. Therefore, a thrust toward renewable sources of energy is the need of the hour.
Social forestry aims at providing firewood that can be replenished by timely afforestation.
Non-conventional power sources like solar energy, tides, wind, biogas, and geothermal energy are being investigated by countries.
Solar energy could be an endless source, particularly in tropical countries like India.
Emphasis will also have to be laid on alternative sources of energy like nuclear energy.
Last but not least, great attention has to be paid to the conservation3 of energy.
The challenge of the energy crisis casts a shadow on every section of mankind and only science can face it boldly.
- দাম এত বেশি যে ক্রয় ক্ষমতার ঊর্ধ্বে
- পূরণ করা
- সংরক্ষণ।