Chapter 3 Articles
A, An, and The are called Articles.
A and An are called Indefinite Articles because they do not point out any particular person or thing.
(A এবং An কোনো নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে বোঝায় না বলে তাদেরকে Indefinite Article বলে।) a book any book, a girl.
They are used only before singular countable (যা এক, দুই করে গণনা করা যায়) nouns.
This is called the Definite Article, because it points to some particular person or thing.
Read And Learn More WBBSE Class 9 English Functional Grammar
(The সাধারণত কোনো নির্দিষ্ট ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে বোঝায় বলে তাকে Definite Article বলে।)
the boy = the boy of whom we are speaking or who is known; the girls; the air; the grass. The definite article can be used before singular or plural nouns whether countable or uncountable (যা এক, দুই করে গণনা করা যায় না কিন্তু যার পরিমাপ করা যায়)।
Look at the following table:
Chapter 3 Articles Use Of Articles
As a general rule, a Common Noun in the singular number should have an article before it.
( কোনো singular noun যদি কোনো প্রাণী বা বস্তুর সাধারণ নাম বোঝায় তা হলে singular common noun-এর পূর্বে a, an, বা the বসে।)
- Thus, we cannot say, “I have seen tiger”; we should say, “I have seen a or tiger”.
- A or The cow is a useful animal; not, “Cow is a useful animal”.
- The dog is faithful to its master; not, “Dog is faithful, etc.”
- Give me a or the book; not, “Give me a book.”
But a Common Noun in the plural does not require the unless we want to particularise: (সাধারণতঃ plural Common Noun-এর পূর্বে কোনো the বসে না। কিন্তু কোনো প্রাণী বা বস্তুকে নির্দিষ্ট করে বোঝালে Common Noun plural হলেও তার পূর্বে the বসে।)
Boys love games; but, The boys (= those referred to or those before us) are playing. The tigers of the Sunderbans are world-famous. (সুন্দরবনে যেসব tiger আছে তাদেরকে নির্দিষ্ট করে বোঝাচ্ছে।)
“A” is used before:
“An” is used before:
Other uses of “A” and “An”:
Chapter 3 Articles Examples Worked Out
Fill in the blanks with “a” or “an”:
1. I saw a one-eyed man wearing
2. Can you give me a one-rupee note?
3. I am an M.A. in English, but my brother is B.A.
4. An brother is an umbrella is An useful thing.
5. Try to be there in an hour and buy a book for me.
6. It is an important historical novel.
7. He is a book for me.
8. What a devil you are!
9. He is Indian, but he has a good command of English like an English man.
10. I shall go to a university.
11. He bought a cat, an ox, and a house.
12. Aladdin had a wonderful lamp.
13. I first met him a year ago.
14. owl lives in this tree.
15. The hen laid an egg today.
16. Sri Lanka is an island.
17. He is an untidy boy.
18. He is a good teacher.
19. He thinks he is Maradona.
20. Give him a pen and inkpot.
1. But not before a single mountain or a single island: Everest, Greenland, Java.
2. Articles (a, an, the) are usually in practice included in the body of sentences, and not included in the title.
We-write “Have you seen the Daily Telegraph today? rather than … seen The Daily Telegraph Good English by G.H. Vallins.
3. We say, ‘The Paradise Lost of Milton’ but ‘Milton’s Paradise Lost’; ‘The Twelfth Night of Shakespeare’ but ‘Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night’.
4. The Parliament but a member of Parliament.
Omission of Articles: No article is used
Repetition of the Article:
When two or more Nouns joined by and refer to the same thing, the Article is used only before the first; but if they refer to different persons or things, the Article should be repeated before each (And দ্বারা যুক্ত একাধিক noun যদি একই ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে বোঝায় তা হলে শুধু প্রথমটির পূর্বে the বসে, কিন্তু যদি বিভিন্ন মানুষ বা বস্তুকে বোঝায় তা হলে প্রত্যেকটির পূর্বে the বসে।) The Secretary and the Treasurer have done this (two separate men).
The Secretary and Treasurer have done this (the same man).
Write either ‘The first and the second boy’ or ‘The first and second boys’ to refer to two boys.
In comparison, if two Nouns refer to the same object, the Article is used before the first Noun only.
But if the Nouns refer to different objects, the Article is used before each Noun:
The same person
- He is a better poet than the speaker.
- He is a better poet than a pleader.
Different persons
- He is a better poet than a speaker (would make).
- He is a better teacher than a pleader (would make).
When two or more Adjectives refer to the same Noun, the Article is used before the first I have a brown and white cat (one cat).
When two or more Adjectives refer to different Nouns, the Article is used before each adjective: I have a brown and a white cat (2 cats).
Chapter 3 Articles Examples Worked Out
Fill in the blanks with proper articles (a, an, the):
1. I want Pen and an umbrella.
2. Is he a European?
3. His brother is an engineer but his Sister is a doctor.
4. We found a tiger in the zoo.
5. man you saw with me is my brother.
6. He is M.A. in English.
7. Have you read Bible?
8. honest man like him will never do this
9. I read the Times of India which is a very popular newspaper here.
10. He lives in the U.S.A.
11. Who is the happiest of all?
12. Ooty is a hill station in Nilgiris
13. Earth moves around Sun.
14. I gave him a one-rupee note.
15. She is a university student.
16. Kolkata is a city on Hooghly.
17. French is spoken by French.
18. Howrah is Sheffield of India.
19. Do not catch me by arm.
20. Chinese is not an easy subject.
21. I talked to the boy who painted the picture,
22. It happened in the year 1911.
23. the sun shines in the sky
24. He gave me a comb. I like comb very much.
25. Horses are animal
26. He is able to man
27. Bird was sitting on a branch of a tree
28. He is an officer in the army
29. I paid a visit to the West lost year.
30. rich are happier than poor.
31. I have a bicycle. the bicycle has two wheels.
32. For fighting for his country patriot was sent to Andamans.
33. Krishna and Kaveri are two big rivers in the South.
34. Ramayana is the sacred book of Hindus.
35. Benaras stands on Ganga.
36. Every age does not produce Shakespeare.
37. He is a boy who stood first last year.
38. I have few friends here.
39. Quoran is the holiest book of Muslims.
40. This is a most amusing story.
41. The man is an idiot.
42. Every poet cannot be Rabindranath.
43. Shillong is Scotland of the East.
44. I do not know the man you are talking of.
45. Which Mr. Sen are you talking of doctor or advocate?
46. Kalidas is the Homer of India.
47. Mr. Banerjee rang you up.
48. He is European but his wife is Indian.
49. There is a hotel in the center of town.
50. The book you want is not in the library.
51. We should pity the poor and helpless.
52. I watched a boy helping an old man across the road.
53. There was an explosion in Town Hall yesterday.
54. Rajdhani Express is an hour late today.
55. His father is F.R.C.S. but his mother is Ph.D.
56. Rose is beautiful flower.
57. U.A.E. is a prosperous country.
58. patriot in him rose to the occasion.
59. Telegraph is good daily.
60. one-act drama was held tonight.
61. people of Midnapur have got university now.
62. Headmaster and Secretary love the students.
63. I struck him on the head.
64. Potato sells at ten rupees per kilo.
65. His father died without leaving an heir.
66. You must read Geeta every day.
67. He is P.C. Sorcar, I see.
68. My son left for the U.K. last week.
69. What is the highest peak in the world?
70. We crossed the Atlantic in an airplane.
71. tea of Darjeeling is world famous.
72. Mr. Mukherjee is an honorary magistrate.
73. We need Ballavbhai Patel now to tackle the situation.
74. Brahmaputra flows through Assam.
75. the beauty of Cleopatra was well known.
76. Bravo, what an idea!
77. There is a mother in every woman.
78. The hunter entered thick of the forest.
79. What a great fool he is!
80. Queen Mary was the biggest ship ever made.
I paid a visit to West Los
Fill up the blanks with suitable articles (a, an, the) in the following passages:
1. An hour before that a Europeans came here. He was an old man with a gentle face. He was also men who had 6 umbrellas in his hand.
2. We stopped for lunch in hours and then started at a small restaurant not far from town. We took a rest for the destination.
3. Do you know 1 Dr. Roy? No, 2 only Roy I know is not 3 doctors. He is an engineer.
4. 1 man you saw here yesterday is an uncle of mine and a great lover of Ramayana.
5. Morning walk is a tonic for weak, healthy.
6. A cup of tea is like a big feast. cure for the sick, and exercise for ordinary things. But after a day’s hard labor in the evening, it is poor to know this well.
7. gentleman walking with sticks in his hand is a very well known person here. He is a teacher in local colleges and has just returned from the U.S.A.
8. I was an eyewitness to an accident that happened yesterday on the Howrah Main line while I was traveling by 4 Kalka Mail.
9. Ramen is one of 1 best boys of local colleges. He has recently gone to West Indies on an Air India flight for taking part in seminars.
10. It was an event that surprised the scientific world. It was an undreamt of thing. There was a man who built unique instruments, Instruments that could measure the growth of plants.